A Gel-Delivery System for Coccidiosis Vaccine:

Uniformity of Distribution of Oocysts

Tapashi Dasgupta, Eng Hong Lee

(In Print: Canadian Veterinary Journal)





Gel

        A representative CDC anaerobic blood agar plate.  The figure
        indicates a uniform distribution of the organisms over the entire 
        sausage slice



Abstract

A patented gel delivery system being used to deliver coccidiosis vaccine to poultry hatchlings is assessed.   For effective vaccination, the coccidial oocysts must be uniformly suspended before exposure to birds.  The uniformity of distribution within the gel was evaluated by incorporating a culture of chicken gut flora into four replicate gel sausages, placing sections of the sausages on culture plates, determining the appearance and distribution of bacterial colonies on culture plates after incubation under aerobic and anerobic conditions, and verifying by cell counts (Table 1). The uniformity  of distribution of similarly prepared coccidial oocysts was verified by infecting birds with 40,000 E. tenella oocysts delivered via the gel.   Gel-inoculated birds were compared with control birds inoculated per os with 40,000 oocysts suspended in water by using  cecal lesion scores (Table 2). Both the appearance and colony counts of chicken gut flora from the gel were uniform.  The standard deviation in the lesion scores for the gel-inoculated group and the water-inoculated groups was 0.51 and 0.69, respectively.  The results indicate that a gel-delivery system can provide uniform distribution of live organisms and vaccine agents to birds.

   Table 1: Colony Forming Units Obtained on CDC anaerobic blood    agar plates:

Replicate #1 Replicate #2 Replicate #3 Replicate #4
Aer. Anaer. Aer. Anaer. Aer. Anaer. Aer. Anaer.
TOP 350 410 358 428 359 420 362 400
MIDDLE 365 412 362 425 365 435 368 435
BOTTOM 380 420 365 430 380 435 379 420

               Table 2:Summary of lesion scores in infected birds:


Mean lesion score

Standard deviation (S) P-value
Gel-inoculated group

+3.1

0.51

< 0.01
Water-inoculated group

+2.87

0.69

< 0.01

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